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The Circle of Ancient Iranian Studies
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THE PERSIAN GULF
(The Sea of Persia)
Abstract: The Mainland-Iran's shore is mountainous, and there often are cliffs; elsewhere a narrow coastal plain with beaches, intertidal flats, and small estuaries borders the gulf. The coastal plain widens north of Bushehr passes into the broad deltaic plain of the Tigris, Euphrates, and Karun rivers. Cliffs are rare on the Lower shore of the gulf, except around the base of the modern Qatar and in the extreme southeast around the Strait of Hormoz, where they form the spectacular coast of the Musandam Peninsula. Most of the lower shore is bordered by sandy beaches, with many small islands enclosing small lagoons.
Persian Gulf, arm of the Makran Sea (also known as Sea of Oman), 90,000 sq mi (233,100 sq km), between the Arabian peninsula and Iranian plateau, extending c.600 mi (970 km) from the Arvand-Rud delta to the Strait of Hormoz, which links it with the Gulf of Mazun (Oman).
The Persian Gulf, which was called the Persian Sea by the Ancient Iranians, is mostly shallow and has many islands, of which Mishmâhigân (what is today Bahrain) is the largest.
The Persian Gulf is bordered by Mâzun (today known as Oman) and many other new born-countries created by western powers in last few decades such as UAE to the south, to the west by Qatar and also Saudi Arabia, to north by Kuwait and Iraq, and along the entire east coast by mainland Iran.
It was generally thought that the Persian Gulf had previously extended farther north and that sediment dropped by the Tigris, Euphrates, Karun, and Karkheh rivers filled the northern part of the Persian Gulf to create a great delta. But geologic investigations now indicate that the coastline has not moved and that the marshlands of the delta represent a sinking of the earth's crust as the lower block pushes under Iran.
The Persian Gulf waters have very slow currents and limited tidal range.
Relevant Articles & Links
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Persian Sea (Persian Gulf) in Avesta, by Dr. Fereydoon Joneydi |
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Persian Gulf and Iran's Sovereignty over the Tunbs and Abu Musa Islands in Historical Documents; By: Atefeh Maziyar |
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The Name Persian Gulf and The Biology Crisis in Iran; by: Mr. Hussein Akhani Saanejani |
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The Iranians, pioneers of navigation in Persian Gulf, by Hossein Nourbakhsh |
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"History is the Light on the Path to Future" |
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Encyclopaedia Iranica
The British Institute of Persian Studies "Persepolis Reconstructed"
The British Museum
The Cyrus Legacy
The Royal Asiatic Society
The Persian Gulf Facebook Page
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