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Iranian
Languages
ROSHNI
/ ROASHANI
The Roshani language belongs to the
Shughni-Roshani subgroup of the Pamir group of the Iranian branch of
Indo-European languages, and dialects of this subgroup understand
each others' speech without any notable difficulties. With other
speakers of the Pamir languages -- the Yazgulami, the Wakhis, the
Ishkashmi -- communication is based on Tadzhik in Tadzhikistan and
Afghanistan and on Uighur in China. The Roshani language exists only
in spoken form; textual examples are scarce. The relation between
Roshani and Bartangi is complex and facilitates smooth shifts from
one to the other in communication.
In 1916 a short article by R. Gauthiot was
published containing Bartangi and Roshani words. Before that the
Roshani were known in Europe only by name. The first textual example
-- a fairy tale -- appeared in a study by W. Lentz (Pamir-Dialekte.
Materialen zur Kenntniss der Schugni-gruppe, Göttingen 1933,
pp. 101--105). Roshani and Bartangi are formally close to Oroshori,
contrasting with Shughni.
The Roshani have preserved their language
comparatively well (1959), Shughni influence being almost
non-existent. Tadzhik influence is detectable in certain lexical
areas. For example, in discussing politics Tadzhik expressions and
grammatical constructions appear.
Roshan's most important villages are Barukhshan (Barushon)
and Derzud (Dirzut). The villages are situated 3--4 kilometres apart
and so communication between the inhabitants is quite easy. The
people of either village speak a somewhat different form of Roshani,
the divergence, however, being negligible. Lexical differences are
few.
ROSHANI WORDLIST
English-Roshani
|
Afghan
|
aughone
|
|
Afghanistan
|
Aughoniston
|
|
age
|
col
|
|
air
|
avo
|
|
alcohol
|
sharob
|
| America |
Amerikoe |
| American |
Amerikoe |
| and |
aat |
| answer |
jawob |
| apple |
moon |
| arm |
ter
thust |
| army |
lashkar |
| arrive |
daromad |
| Asia |
Osie |
| aunt |
khola |
| baby |
kudak |
| back
(body) |
azabo |
| beautiful |
khushrui |
| bed |
karaot |
| belly
button (navel) |
nof |
| big |
gholla |
| bird |
wetheech |
| black |
tar |
| blood |
khun |
| blue |
neela |
| bone |
cetkhun |
| book |
ketob |
| bowl |
dugova |
| boy |
ghetha |
| bra |
ceena
bandak |
| bread |
gartha |
| brother |
verro |
| brown |
vur |
| butt |
sharthed |
| car |
moshen |
| cat |
pesh |
| cheek |
podbarodok |
| chest |
sena |
| chicken |
chakh |
| chin |
pes |
| China |
khitoi |
| Chinese |
khitoe |
| city |
khar |
| clock |
soat |
| conversation |
chaq-chaq |
| copper |
neelarang |
| could |
baft |
| cow |
zhou |
| crazy |
thewn |
| cup |
cheena |
| dark |
torak |
| day |
mith |
| dead |
murtha |
| do,
to do, doing |
chigo |
| doctor |
dukhtur |
| dog |
kod |
| door |
deve |
| dress |
ganek
kurta |
| drink
(to drink) |
breshto |
| drugs |
doru |
| Dushanbe |
Doshanbe |
| Eagle |
ukob |
| ear |
rruhl |
| eight |
washt |
| enemy |
dush'man |
| English |
Anglise |
| Europe |
Europe |
| eye |
tsaem |
| fast |
tiz |
| fat |
ghavts |
| father |
taat |
| feet |
pothen |
| finer
nail |
poth
nokhun |
| finger |
angakht |
| finger |
mu
thust panga |
| fish |
mwoi |
| five |
pinz' |
| food |
harg |
| foot |
tagov |
| fork |
veelka |
| four |
tsawour |
| friend |
osh'no |
| fruit |
meva |
| garbage |
mycor |
| German |
Namec |
| Germany |
Germaneay |
| girl |
ghats |
| glass |
khisha |
| goat |
khugov |
| gold |
taloa |
| good
bye |
khai |
| good-looking |
khushrui |
| Gorno-Badakhshan |
Badakhshon |
| government |
hukumat |
| grandfather |
tatek |
| grandmother |
nanek |
| grass |
wosh |
| hair |
khung |
| hand |
thust |
| happy |
khush |
| hat |
toka |
| hate |
kin |
| have,
to have |
yast |
| he |
ya |
| head |
cal |
| heart |
del |
| hello |
salom |
| horse |
vorge |
| hot |
kash |
| hour |
soat |
| house |
cheed |
| How
are you doing? |
Tot
tsarang? |
| how? |
tzarang? |
| hungry |
mavz |
| husband |
chour |
| I
love You |
Yzym
ty chevge |
| in |
tar |
| insane |
thewen |
| Islam |
islom |
| jacket |
kurtka |
| joke |
shukh' |
| juice |
sok (rus) |
| kill |
zeedo |
| kiss |
boch |
| knife |
chad |
| know |
famt |
| Korea |
Korea |
| Korean |
Koreic |
| Kyrgyz |
Kargiz |
| Kyrgyzstan |
Kargizston |
| lake |
dariee |
| language |
zv' |
| leg |
poth |
| letter
(alphabet) |
arf |
| letter
(written) |
arf |
| life |
zindage |
| light
(color) |
rukh |
| light
(weight) |
sabuk |
| like |
hush |
| listen |
nighishto |
| live |
zindage
chido |
| liver |
jegar |
| love |
ishq |
| love |
zhivchash' |
| lungs |
khukh |
| me |
az moh |
| meal |
awqot |
| mean |
mane |
| medicine |
doru |
| milk |
khuvd |
| minute |
daqiqa |
| month |
mest |
| months |
mesten |
| moon |
mest |
| mother |
naan |
| mountain |
kooh |
| mouse |
purg |
| mouth |
rrav |
| movie |
keeno |
| muscle |
muchkuen |
| music |
musiki |
| Muslim |
musulmon |
| name |
nom |
| naughty |
bexenyr |
| navel |
nof |
| near |
nazdek |
| neck |
mak |
| nine |
naw |
| nomads |
becheed
odamen |
| nose |
nedz |
| okay,
bye |
khai
pas |
| one |
iw |
| opium |
afun |
| orange |
apelsin |
| page |
ketoh
varak |
| Pamiri |
pomere |
| Pamirs |
Badakhshon |
| Pamirs |
pamere |
| pen |
kalam |
| pencil |
kalam |
| plate |
tarelka |
| police |
militia
(rus) |
| pretty
(as in "pretty" girl) |
khagh |
| purple |
neelufar |
| question |
sawol |
| Ramadan |
Ramazon |
| red |
rusht |
| religion |
din |
| river |
daryo |
| road |
pand |
| Roshani |
rekheane |
| ruby |
yoqut |
| rug |
koleen |
| Russia |
rossiya |
| Russian
(language) |
russe |
| Russian
(people) |
russen |
| school |
maktab |
| second |
sonia |
| seven |
uvd |
| sewing |
unseevdov |
| she |
ya |
| sheep |
mag |
| shirt |
kurta |
| shoes |
but |
| short |
kut |
| shoulder |
cevd |
| Shugni |
shughnone |
| sick |
kasal |
| silver |
nukrage |
| sister |
takh |
| sister |
yakh |
| six |
khouw |
| skin |
pust |
| skinny |
kok |
| skirt |
iubka |
| skull |
tu kel
cetkhun |
| sky |
osmon |
| small |
dzulek |
| smart |
akledor |
| snow |
jnich |
| snow |
zhenedj |
| socks |
cheereb |
| speak |
luvdo |
| spleen |
celezunka |
| spoon |
cheebak |
| store |
magazin |
| story |
tarikh |
| story |
tarikh |
| student |
donishgu |
| study |
sheto |
| stupid |
beakle |
| sun |
khor |
| sword |
nemo |
| Tajik |
tajik |
| Tajik |
tojeke |
| Tajikistan |
Tojikiston |
| tall |
bland |
| Tatar |
Tatar |
| Tatarstan |
Tatarstan |
| tea |
choi |
| teacher |
molem |
| teeth |
thendun |
| television
(appliance) |
televizor |
| television
(broadcast) |
televidenie
(rus) |
| ten |
thos |
| the |
no
word |
| think |
fikr |
| thirsty |
tushna |
| three |
arai |
| throat |
noi |
| thumb |
my
gula angekht |
| today |
nur |
| toe |
mu
rrula poth panga |
| tomorrow |
sabo |
| tongue |
zav |
| travel |
mebaxshi |
| tree |
darakht |
| TV |
telvizor |
| ugly |
bezeb |
| uncle |
kholak |
| understand |
famt |
| underwear |
trucak |
| Uzbek |
Uzbuk |
| Uzbekistan |
Uzbakeston |
| vein |
rag |
| war |
thead |
| water |
khats |
| we |
mash |
| weather |
awo |
| week |
afta |
| what? |
cheeze |
| When? |
tzavakht? |
| where? |
kae? |
| where? |
kande? |
| white |
safed |
| who? |
chai? |
| why? |
cheezard? |
| wife |
gan |
| window |
tok |
| wolf |
urg |
| wood |
thuork |
| word |
kalim |
| write |
nivish |
| year |
sol |
| yellow |
zeerd |
| yesterday |
byo |
| you |
toh |
|
Roshani-English
| aat |
and |
| afta |
week |
| afun |
opium |
| akledor |
smart |
| Amerikoe |
America |
| Amerikoe |
American |
| angakht |
finger |
| Anglise |
English |
| apelsin |
orange |
| arai |
three |
| arf |
letter
(alphabet) |
| arf |
letter
(written) |
| aughone |
Afghan |
| Aughoniston |
Afghanistan |
| avo |
air |
| awo |
weather |
| awqot |
meal |
| az moh |
me |
| azabo |
back
(body) |
| Badakhshon |
Gorno-Badakhshan |
| Badakhshon |
Pamirs |
| baft |
could |
| beakle |
stupid |
| becheed
odamen |
nomads |
| bexenyr |
naughty |
| bezeb |
ugly |
| bland |
tall |
| boch |
kiss |
| breshto |
drink (to
drink) |
| but |
shoes |
| byo |
yesterday |
| cal |
head |
| ceena
bandak |
bra |
| celezunka |
spleen |
| cetkhun |
bone |
| cevd |
shoulder |
| chad |
knife |
| chai? |
who? |
| chakh |
chicken |
| chaq-chaq |
conversation |
| cheebak |
spoon |
| cheed |
house |
| cheena |
cup |
| cheereb |
socks |
| cheezard? |
why? |
| cheeze |
what? |
| chigo |
do, to
do, doing |
| choi |
tea |
| chour |
husband |
| col |
age |
| daqiqa |
minute |
| darakht |
tree |
| dariee |
lake |
| daromad |
arrive |
| daryo |
river |
| del |
heart |
| deve |
door |
| din |
religion |
| donishgu |
student |
| doru |
drugs |
| doru |
medicine |
| Doshanbe |
Dushanbe |
| dugova |
bowl |
| dukhtur |
doctor |
| dush'man |
enemy |
| dzulek |
small |
| Europe |
Europe |
| famt |
know |
| famt |
understand |
| fikr |
think |
| gan |
wife |
| ganek
kurta |
dress |
| gartha |
bread |
| Germaneay |
Germany |
| ghats |
girl |
| ghavts |
fat |
| ghetha |
boy |
| gholla |
big |
| harg |
food |
| hukumat |
government |
| hush |
like |
| ishq |
love |
| islom |
Islam |
| iubka |
skirt |
| iw |
one |
| jawob |
answer |
| jegar |
liver |
| jnich |
snow |
| kae? |
where? |
| kalam |
pen |
| kalam |
pencil |
| kalim |
word |
| kande? |
where? |
| karaot |
bed |
| Kargiz |
Kyrgyz |
| Kargizston |
Kyrgyzstan |
| kasal |
sick |
| kash |
hot |
| keeno |
movie |
| ketob |
book |
| ketoh
varak |
page |
| khagh |
pretty
(as in "pretty" girl) |
| khai |
good bye |
| khai pas |
okay, bye |
| khar |
city |
| khats |
water |
| khisha |
glass |
| khitoe |
Chinese |
| khitoi |
China |
| khola |
aunt |
| kholak |
uncle |
| khor |
sun |
| khouw |
six |
| khugov |
goat |
| khukh |
lungs |
| khun |
blood |
| khung |
hair |
| khush |
happy |
| khushrui |
beautiful |
| khushrui |
good-looking |
| khuvd |
milk |
| kin |
hate |
| kod |
dog |
| kok |
skinny |
| koleen |
rug |
| kooh |
mountain |
| Korea |
Korea |
| Koreic |
Korean |
| kudak |
baby |
| kurta |
shirt |
| kurtka |
jacket |
| kut |
short |
| lashkar |
army |
| luvdo |
speak |
| mag |
sheep |
| magazin |
store |
| mak |
neck |
| maktab |
school |
| mane |
mean |
| mash |
we |
| mavz |
hungry |
| mebaxshi |
travel |
| mest |
month |
| mest |
moon |
| mesten |
months |
| meva |
fruit |
| militia (rus) |
police |
| mith |
day |
| molem |
teacher |
| moon |
apple |
| moshen |
car |
| mu rrula
poth panga |
toe |
| mu thust
panga |
finger |
| muchkuen |
muscle |
| murtha |
dead |
| musiki |
music |
| musulmon |
Muslim |
| mwoi |
fish |
| my gula
angekht |
thumb |
| mycor |
garbage |
| naan |
mother |
| Namec |
German |
| nanek |
grandmother |
| naw |
nine |
| nazdek |
near |
| nedz |
nose |
| neela |
blue |
| neelarang |
copper |
| neelufar |
purple |
| nemo |
sword |
| nighishto |
listen |
| nivish |
write |
| nof |
belly
button (navel) |
| nof |
navel |
| noi |
throat |
| nom |
name |
| nukrage |
silver |
| nur |
today |
| osh'no |
friend |
| Osie |
Asia |
| osmon |
sky |
| pamere |
Pamirs |
| pand |
road |
| pes |
chin |
| pesh |
cat |
| pinz' |
five |
| podbarodok |
cheek |
| pomere |
Pamiri |
| poth |
leg |
| poth
nokhun |
finer
nail |
| pothen |
feet |
| purg |
mouse |
| pust |
skin |
| rag |
vein |
| Ramazon |
Ramadan |
| rekheane |
Roshani |
| rossiya |
Russia |
| rrav |
mouth |
| rruhl |
ear |
| rukh |
light
(color) |
| rusht |
red |
| russe |
Russian
(language) |
| russen |
Russian
(people) |
| sabo |
tomorrow |
| sabuk |
light
(weight) |
| safed |
white |
| salom |
hello |
| sawol |
question |
| sena |
chest |
| sharob |
alcohol |
| sharthed |
butt |
| sheto |
study |
| shughnone |
Shugni |
| shukh' |
joke |
| soat |
clock |
| soat |
hour |
| sok (rus) |
juice |
| sol |
year |
| sonia |
second |
| taat |
father |
| tagov |
foot |
| tajik |
Tajik |
| takh |
sister |
| taloa |
gold |
| tar |
black |
| tar |
in |
| tarelka |
plate |
| tarikh |
story |
| tarikh |
story |
| Tatar |
Tatar |
| Tatarstan |
Tatarstan |
| tatek |
grandfather |
| televidenie
(rus) |
television
(broadcast) |
| televizor |
television
(appliance) |
| telvizor |
TV |
| ter thust |
arm |
| thead |
war |
| thendun |
teeth |
| thewen |
insane |
| thewn |
crazy |
| thos |
ten |
| thuork |
wood |
| thust |
hand |
| tiz |
fast |
| toh |
you |
| tojeke |
Tajik |
| Tojikiston |
Tajikistan |
| tok |
window |
| toka |
hat |
| torak |
dark |
| Tot
tsarang? |
How are
you doing? |
| trucak |
underwear |
| tsaem |
eye |
| tsawour |
four |
| tu kel
cetkhun |
skull |
| tushna |
thirsty |
| tzarang? |
how? |
| tzavakht? |
When? |
| ukob |
Eagle |
| unseevdov |
sewing |
| urg |
wolf |
| uvd |
seven |
| Uzbakeston |
Uzbekistan |
| Uzbuk |
Uzbek |
| veelka |
fork |
| verro |
brother |
| vorge |
horse |
| vur |
brown |
| washt |
eight |
| wetheech |
bird |
| wosh |
grass |
| ya |
he |
| ya |
she |
| yakh |
sister |
| yast |
have, to
have |
| yoqut |
ruby |
| Yzym ty
chevge |
I love
You |
| zav |
tongue |
| zeedo |
kill |
| zeerd |
yellow |
| zhenedj |
snow |
| zhivchash' |
love |
| zhou |
cow |
| zindage |
life |
| zindage
chido |
live |
| zv' |
language |
| . |
.
|
|
|
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of Page
| |
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|
|
"History
is the Light on the Path to Future"
|
|
Encyclopaedia
Iranica
The
British Institute of Persian Studies
"Persepolis
Reconstructed"
The
British Museum
The
Royal
Asiatic
Society
|
|
